SELECT 
  product_id, 
  parent_product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  parent_product_id = 11215

Query time 0.00029

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "7.35"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "ref",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_parent_product_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_parent_product_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "parent_product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "ref": [
        "const"
      ],
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 21,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 21,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "5.25",
        "eval_cost": "2.10",
        "prefix_cost": "7.35",
        "data_read_per_join": "336"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "parent_product_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id parent_product_id
11236 11215
11235 11215
11234 11215
11233 11215
11232 11215
11231 11215
11230 11215
11229 11215
11228 11215
11227 11215
11226 11215
11225 11215
11224 11215
11223 11215
11222 11215
11221 11215
11220 11215
11219 11215
11218 11215
11217 11215
11216 11215