SELECT 
  product_id, 
  parent_product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  parent_product_id = 11089

Query time 0.00029

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "7.00"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "ref",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_parent_product_id"
      ],
      "key": "idx_parent_product_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "parent_product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "ref": [
        "const"
      ],
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 20,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 20,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "5.00",
        "eval_cost": "2.00",
        "prefix_cost": "7.00",
        "data_read_per_join": "320"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "parent_product_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id parent_product_id
11106 11089
11107 11089
11105 11089
11104 11089
11103 11089
11102 11089
11101 11089
11100 11089
11099 11089
11098 11089
11097 11089
11096 11089
11095 11089
11094 11089
11093 11089
11092 11089
11091 11089
11090 11089
11110 11089
11109 11089
11108 11089