SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_popularity 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    12119, 12120, 12121, 12122, 12123, 12124, 
    12125, 12126, 12127, 12128, 12129, 
    12130, 12131
  )

Query time 0.00033

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "2.92"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_popularity",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "total"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 13,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 13,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "using_index": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "1.62",
        "eval_cost": "1.30",
        "prefix_cost": "2.92",
        "data_read_per_join": "416"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`gaseus`.`cscart_product_popularity`.`product_id` in (12119,12120,12121,12122,12123,12124,12125,12126,12127,12128,12129,12130,12131))"
    }
  }
}