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SELECT 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_ult_product_prices.price * cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_ult_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id IN (
    5657, 5658, 5659, 5660, 5661, 5662, 5663, 
    5664, 5665, 5666, 5667, 3137, 1473, 
    1474, 1475, 1476, 1477, 5182, 5183, 
    5184, 5185, 5186, 5187, 1461
  ) 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.company_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00020

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "message": "no matching row in const table"
  }
}