SELECT 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_ult_product_prices.price * cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_ult_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id IN (
    5503, 5504, 5163, 5153, 1419, 1420, 1421, 
    3157, 5132, 5133, 5134, 5135, 1452, 
    5161, 1442, 5151, 6734, 6733, 6729, 
    6710, 1721, 1722, 1723, 1724
  ) 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.company_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00022

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "message": "no matching row in const table"
  }
}